Eye health · Diabetes and your eyes

Diabetic retinopathy: have your eyes checked even if you see well

If you have diabetes, your retina can be damaged without you noticing anything at first. Detecting it early helps to protect your vision.

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What it is

What is diabetic retinopathy?

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes: over the years, high blood sugar damages the small blood vessels of the retina, the layer at the back of the eye that picks up light. These vessels can leak fluid or bleed, and the eye grows new, more fragile ones.

It is the most common cause of vision loss in people with diabetes, and it can appear with any type: type 1, type 2 or gestational diabetes. The risk increases the more years you have had diabetes and if your glucose, blood pressure or cholesterol are not well controlled, or if you smoke.

At first it almost never causes symptoms. By the time you notice them, the damage may already be advanced. That is why check-ups are key even if you see well.

Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy

Blurred vision

That comes and goes, or gets worse little by little.

Floaters

Dark spots or lines like cobwebs.

Shadows or gaps

Dark areas or areas with no vision.

Worse at night

You find it hard to see in low light.

Types and complications

How diabetic retinopathy progresses

The ophthalmologist classifies it according to what they see at the back of the eye.

Early stage

Non-proliferative

The vessels of the retina weaken: small bulges (microaneurysms), blocked vessels and small bleeds or fluid leaks appear. It usually causes no symptoms.

Advanced stage

Proliferative

The eye grows new, fragile vessels that can bleed inside the eye and leave scars. This is when floaters and blurred vision appear, and it needs to be treated as soon as possible.

Common complication

Diabetic macular oedema

Fluid builds up in the macula, the area responsible for central vision, and vision becomes blurred. Over time, about half of people with diabetic retinopathy develop it.

Diabetes also affects other parts of the eye. It makes you 2 to 5 times more likely to have cataracts, and earlier, and almost doubles the risk of open-angle glaucoma. Without treatment, retinopathy can also cause neovascular glaucoma and retinal detachment.

LUPER optician giving a patient an eye test with the phoropter
In your eye test

What we look at and when we refer you

At LUPER we do not diagnose or treat diabetic retinopathy. In the eye test (30 minutes, free) we look for signs in the retina so that nothing is missed, and we refer you to an ophthalmologist if we see anything.

  • Tell us you have diabetesSince when, what type and when your last eye check-up was.
  • Visual acuity and prescriptionHow well you see far away and up close, eye by eye.
  • Check of the back of the eyeWe look at the condition of the retina and the optic nerve.
  • Referral to an ophthalmologistIf we see signs of damage to the retina, we explain it to you and refer you.

Our eye test does not replace your retina check-up. If you have diabetes, have a full eye examination with dilated pupils at least once a year, or whenever your doctor or ophthalmologist tells you to.

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Prevention

How to protect your eyes if you have diabetes

Keeping your diabetes well controlled is the best way to reduce the risk of retinopathy or delay it.

What helps most

  • Keep your glucose as stable as possible and check your glycated haemoglobin (A1C) with your doctor.
  • Keep your blood pressure and cholesterol under control too.
  • Do not smoke.
  • Be physically active regularly and eat healthily.
  • Take your medication or insulin as prescribed.

And for your eyes

  • A full check-up with dilation at least once a year.
  • If you are having your prescription checked, always say that you have diabetes.
  • If your vision is blurred when your sugar is very high, it is usually temporary, but mention it to your doctor.
  • If you have new symptoms, do not wait for your next check-up.

Diabetes and pregnancy. Women with diabetes who become pregnant, or who develop gestational diabetes, have a high risk of retinopathy. Have a full eye examination as soon as possible and ask your doctor whether you will need more check-ups during pregnancy.

If you suddenly see lots of floaters or shadows, or lose vision, go to an ophthalmologist or to A&E without waiting. It may be bleeding inside the eye, and it needs to be treated as soon as possible.

Treatment

Treatment is decided by the ophthalmologist

Treatments can slow down vision loss, but they do not cure retinopathy or restore lost vision.

Early stages

Monitoring

Often no treatment is needed, but frequent check-ups with the ophthalmologist are (sometimes every few months), along with good control of your diabetes.

Oedema or new vessels

Injections and laser

Medicines injected into the eye (anti-VEGF or corticosteroids) and laser treatment to stop leaks and abnormal vessels.

Advanced cases

Vitrectomy

Eye surgery that may be recommended if there is a lot of bleeding or scarring in the retina.

If you have already lost some vision, low vision aids (magnifiers, filters, electronic magnifiers) can help you make the most of the vision you have. At LUPER we advise you and fit them for you.

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Arrive 10 minutes early for your appointment. Better with an appointment: our diary is very full and without an appointment we cannot guarantee we will be able to see you.

Frequently asked questions about diabetic retinopathy

What is diabetic retinopathy?

It is a complication of diabetes that damages the blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. It can cause vision loss and, without treatment, blindness. It is the most common cause of vision loss in people with diabetes.

What are the first symptoms of diabetic retinopathy?

In the early stages it usually causes no symptoms. Later on, blurred vision that comes and goes, floaters, shadows or areas with no vision and difficulty seeing at night can appear. That is why you need check-ups even if you see well.

What is proliferative diabetic retinopathy?

It is the advanced stage: the eye grows new, fragile blood vessels that can bleed inside the eye and form scars, with a risk of retinal detachment. The early stage is called non-proliferative and usually causes no symptoms.

How often should I have my eyes checked if I have diabetes?

A full eye examination with dilated pupils at least once a year is recommended, or as often as your ophthalmologist tells you. If you already have retinopathy, you may need check-ups more often.

Can diabetic retinopathy be cured?

There is no cure and damage that has already happened cannot be undone. But detecting and treating it early can stop your vision getting worse. Controlling your glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol also helps a lot.

Can I lose my sight because of diabetes?

Yes: without control or treatment, diabetic retinopathy can cause vision loss and blindness. Early detection and timely treatment help to prevent it.

Why is my vision blurred when my blood sugar is high?

When glucose is very high or changes suddenly, the lens of the eye builds up sugar and water, finds it harder to focus and your vision is blurred for a while. It is usually temporary and is not the same as diabetic retinopathy, but it is a good idea to mention it to your doctor and have your eyes checked.

Does diabetes in pregnancy affect the eyes?

Yes. Women with diabetes who become pregnant, or who develop gestational diabetes, have a high risk of retinopathy. It is recommended to have a full eye examination as soon as possible and to ask your doctor whether more will be needed during pregnancy.

How is it different from hypertensive retinopathy?

Diabetic retinopathy is caused by high blood sugar; hypertensive retinopathy, by high blood pressure, which also damages the vessels of the retina. They can occur at the same time, and having diabetes increases the risk of damage from high blood pressure.

Can you detect diabetic retinopathy at LUPER?

In our eye test, which is free and takes 30 minutes, we check the back of the eye. If we see signs of damage to the retina, we refer you to an ophthalmologist, who is the one who diagnoses and treats it. Our eye test does not replace the yearly check-up with dilation that your doctor recommends.

Diabetic retinopathy: types, diagnosis and prevention

What is diabetic retinopathy?

Diabetic retinopathy is an eye disease that affects people with diabetes. It damages the blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, and can lead to vision loss. It can appear with type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes, and the risk grows with the number of years a person has had diabetes.

Types of diabetic retinopathy

Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) is the early stage and is usually symptom-free: microaneurysms, blocked vessels and small haemorrhages or fluid leaks appear. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the advanced stage: fragile abnormal vessels grow (neovascularisation) that bleed and can cause blurred vision, floaters and even retinal detachment. A possible complication is diabetic macular oedema, a swelling of the macula that blurs central vision.

Symptoms

Blurred or fluctuating vision, floaters or spots, difficulty seeing at night, dark or empty areas in your vision and gradual vision loss. At first there are no symptoms, which is why check-ups are so important.

Diagnosis

The ophthalmologist diagnoses it with an examination of the back of the eye with dilated pupils and, if needed, tests such as fluorescein angiography. In the LUPER personalised eye test we check the back of the eye and, if we see signs, we refer you.

Treatment and complications

Depending on the stage: control of glucose and blood pressure, anti-VEGF or corticosteroid injections, laser treatment and, in severe cases, vitrectomy. Without treatment it can lead to macular oedema, retinal detachment, neovascular glaucoma and blindness. Diabetes also increases the risk of cataracts and glaucoma.

Prevention

Keep your glucose level, blood pressure and cholesterol under control, do not smoke and have an eye check-up with dilation at least once a year. During pregnancy, if you have diabetes, have your eyes checked as soon as possible. More information about other eye conditions in eye health.

Over 30,000 people in Murcia trust us, with a 4.9 on Google and over 2,200 reviews. We look forward to seeing you in Murcia and San Pedro del Pinatar. Lovely to see you!

General information checked against medical sources: National Eye Institute (NEI/NIH), diabetic retinopathy, and MedlinePlus, diabetes and eye disease and high blood pressure and eye disease. It does not replace an assessment by your doctor or ophthalmologist.

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If you have diabetes, have your eyes checked even if you see well. Book your free eye test and, if needed, we will refer you to an ophthalmologist. 1 hour of free parking with purchases over €49.

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Sonia Merino Santiago (Ayame)
Sonia Merino Santiago (Ayame)Hace 5 meses · LUPER Marcos Redondo

Vine en Abril a traer mis monturas a ponerle lentes, pedir presupuesto para mis monturas y el precio me ha gustado. Ademas de un trato excelente, buenos precios, grandes profesionales, magníficas promociones, únete a la familia Luper. Hoy ha comenzado mi primer día de muchos junto a esta magnífica empresa murcianica. Mil gracias!! En poco tendré mis preciosas gafas y el mes que viene otras al 50%. Puedes pagar unas y luego las otras. Fácil, sencillo, profesional e impecable. Te Dan tu informe oftalmológico detallado. Y me rellenan el tarrito limpiacristales para siempre gratis con mi compra. A que esperas?? Se lo he recomendado ya a todas mis amistades, porque lo bueno se comparte. Mil gracias!!
15/05 He llevado 4 monturas aprovechando el 50% para graduar mis gafas, una de ellas de sol. Y quedaron preciosas. Mil gracias siempre 💕

P MM
P MMHace 3 semanas · LUPER Canalejas

Trato humano muy bueno. La calidad de las gafas nefasta, propaganda engañosa en mi caso. Valoraré poner hoja de reclamaciones en consumo ya que la solución que me han dado a mi problema, cristales que se empañan nada más usarlos y montura defectuosa, es comprarme otras y pagar el 50% después de haber pagado por unas gafas, repito, defectuosas, más de 1000 euros.
No volveré, ni hablaré bien de ustedes.

Sandra Martinez Sáez
Sandra Martinez SáezHace 2 semanas · LUPER San Pedro del Pinatar

Muy muy contenta. Me he elegido unas gafas preciosas y además he tenido 20 € de descuento. La chica que me atendió fue súper amable y simpática. ¡Sin duda, muy recomendable!

LAURA FERNANDEZ EGEA
LAURA FERNANDEZ EGEAHace una semana · LUPER Marcos Redondo

Me compré dos gafas en mayo, me dijeron que tardaban 3 días y tardaron 3 semanas en dármelas. Cuando me las probé me mareé en la óptica. Me fui a casa y me las puse y tuve un mareo que me duro varias horas, no podía hacer nada ni cuidar de mi hijo. Fui a la óptica y me dijeron que no entendían que pasaba que era super raro. Me hicieron un cambio y me dieron otras gafas. Otra vez esperando una semana. Más de un mes sin gafas. Pues con las gafas nuevas también me mareaba pero menos. Fui y me decían que no entendían que pasaba que era muy raro. Al final me he ido a otra óptica y es que estaban mal graduadas y el centro óptico mal puesto. Me he gastado 180€ en perder el tiempo y dar vueltas y no tener gafas que me valgan.

Juan Manuel Hernandez
Juan Manuel HernandezHace 2 meses · LUPER Canalejas

Una experiencia magnífica desde el primer momento. El trato es cercano, amable y muy profesional, y se nota que realmente se preocupan por encontrar la mejor opción para cada cliente. El estudio visual fue muy completo y la variedad de monturas es increíble, con opciones para todos los gustos y precios muy buenos. Sin duda, un lugar de confianza al que volveré y que recomiendo totalmente.

Joaquin Moya Tárraga
Joaquin Moya TárragaHace 2 meses · LUPER San Pedro del Pinatar

Quiero dejar esta reseña para destacar el trato de Ópticas Luper, pero sobre todo para agradecer de corazón a María. Hacía tiempo que no me encontraba con una atención al cliente tan brillante, atenta y cercana.
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virginia romero abenza
virginia romero abenzaHace 6 meses · LUPER Marcos Redondo

Hoy he estado y me ha atendido Jaime. Muy profesional, sincero y honesto. Me he hecho dos gafas, unas progresivas y otras de lejos con clip para sol. Mis dos amigas son clientas y también han estado hace dos días. Me voy muy satisfecha y deseando recoger mis nuevas gafas

Enrique
EnriqueHace 2 meses · LUPER Canalejas

⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Una atención excepcional, de las que ya no se encuentran fácilmente

Quiero destacar especialmente la experiencia que he tenido en Audiologia Lúper, en Murcia. Desde el primer momento, el trato ha sido absolutamente excepcional: cercano, amable, paciente y, sobre todo, muy profesional.

Te hacen sentir cómodo y bien atendido desde que entras por la puerta, algo que para mí tiene muchísimo valor. Se nota que no se limitan simplemente a hacer su trabajo, sino que realmente se preocupan por la persona que tienen delante y por ofrecerle la mejor atención posible.

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Mi valoración no puede ser otra que cinco estrellas, y sinceramente se quedan cortas. ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Enhorabuena a todo el equipo de Audiometría Lúper por la profesionalidad, la cercanía y el trato recibido. 100 % recomendable.

Andrea
AndreaHace 3 meses · LUPER San Pedro del Pinatar

Llevo varios años acudiendo para hacerme nuevas gafas y estoy encantada. Siempre que puedo cojo cita para la revisión de la vista con Pilar porque es una gran profesional, muy agradable, siempre aconsejando que gafas te quedan mejor y enseñando todos los modelos de la tienda. Sin duda, la recomiendo 100%!

JUAN PEDRO ALCOLEA ABENZA
JUAN PEDRO ALCOLEA ABENZAHace 3 meses · LUPER Marcos Redondo

El trato ha sido espectacular,muy amable y comprometida.
En relación al precio,me he quedado sorprendido,por qué las ultimas gafas que compré me costaron una buena pasta y aquí me llevo dos pares de gafas por poco dinero.
Muy buena impresión .
La recomiendo.

Jonatan Lopez Navarro
Jonatan Lopez NavarroHace 1 mes · LUPER Canalejas

Acabo de salir de está magnifica óptica y he decir que habéis ganado un cliente, tanto por la variedad que hay de gafas, como por el examen de graduación que ha sido espectacular y José Ángel me lo ha explicado todo super bien y de forma muy profesional. Un crack . Un 100 de 10 por todo lo alto. ..
100% recomendable

cristina llop
cristina llopHace 11 meses · LUPER San Pedro del Pinatar

He pedido online unas gafas de sol y la atención de Pilar, María y Marián ha sido en todo momento estupendo. El producto perfecto y la presentación genial con una funda monísima + gamuza y líquido para limpiarlas.
El l envío ha sido rapidisimo.
Muchas gracias por el servicio chicas

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